Thursday, 8 May 2014

Evaluation: Documentary and Drama

"The Bookseller" is a short documentary filmed in Liverpool. It is a portrait film that tells the story of Gerard Fitzpatrick and his bookshop, Reid of Liverpool. With this film, we wanted to capture the character and eccentricity of Gerard and the shop, as well as promoting traditional books as being superior to modern day equivalents such as e-books. The film is likely to appeal to older generations who remember a time before e-books were introduced, though it may also appeal to teenagers from niche subcultures who may appreciate more traditional or 'vintage' mediums.
Overall, I am quite satisfied with the film. The idea is charming and quirky, and Emily did a wonderful job conceiving this project. I feel that she was the best person for the job as director for this particular film because she was truly passionate about it, and I think this is evident in the finished project. However, we perhaps made a mistake in the way we filmed our interview with Gerry, as his answers came across as a bit cluttered and he rambles. For me, this is the only major criticism of the film, as I feel the dialogue is a bit much and it can be quite tedious to watch for some audiences. However, others have claimed that this merely adds a more personal touch to the film, and so I suppose it is open for interpretation. Regardless, next time it would be better to think about how we ask our questions in order to get the most concise answers possible. As the producer, it should probably have been my job to suggest that Gerry word his responses more efficiently, so I accept responsibility for this mistake. My poor judgement made Louis' job as editor a lot harder, as piecing together the useable bits of dialogue proved very tedious and difficult, however he managed to accomplish this well - with Dom's help. I feel that overall, Samantha's cinematography for the project held the film up high even in times where it was not as interesting as it could have been. She did an excellent job as cinematographer: her shots were stunningly beautiful and focussed on tiny details of the shop, which meant there was always something interesting to look at on-screen. Perhaps Louis should have held some of these shots for longer, so that the audience could truly appreciate them, but this is a minor criticism and overall I am happy with the editing. The soundtrack is also a strong point of the film; Dom's choice of the minimalist windchimes throughout the piece was masterfully made, and really added to the overall charm and sanctuary nature of the film. Luke did a good job recording the sounds on-set, and whilst some of the dialogue has an unpleasant hiss (due to the fireplace, which was out of Luke's control), he did a very good job at omitting other background noise such as people moving around upstairs. Dom also managed to edit most of this hiss out, so ultimately it was not an issue. Aside from a few very minor criticisms, I am pleased with how this film turned out.
Making the film was a lot of fun. I was already very good friends with Emily, Dom and Samantha, and I got to know Luke and Louis more throughout the project. Working with this team was very enjoyable because I felt that everyone was passionate about the idea and adapted to their roles incredibly well. We were all willing to give 100% to the project - and we did - and I feel this is evident in the quality of the film we produced together. We arrived in Liverpool on Monday 17th February, and headed straight to the bookshop (as my schedule demanded) so that we could have a look around, perform a health and safety check, take photographs for shotlists and, of course, meet Gerard himself. We got off to a great start and everyone was busy doing their various jobs. I used this opportunity to request that Gerry signed the release forms required for us to film, and he happily obliged. I feel this is largely down to the fact that I had mentioned these forms over the phone in advance and so any awkwardness was removed from the situation. We then returned early on Tuesday 18th and spent the day filming. We started by filming Gerry as he opened the shop, and then went straight into filming his interview which lasted over two hours with breaks. We then used the rest of the day to film cutaways from around the shop until the end of the day. At one point, some of the crew considering leaving as they felt we had caught enough footage, but I suggested we all stayed on location until closing time as it would do more harm to get too little footage than too much. I feel this was a wise move to make, as we got some of our best shots in this final hour or so. We managed to shoot the entire project in this one day, which gave us a nice day off in Liverpool on Wednesday, which we spent exploring the city and visiting Gerry on a casual basis.
I feel that overall I did well as the producer of this film. I had never been a producer before, but decided to give it a go because I have traits that I thought fit the role well: organisation, leadership, time management and attention to detail. I think my judgement was correct and I was certainly a very efficient producer: I secured the location as soon as Emily conceived the idea and I managed the subsequent relations between us and Gerry - including getting the release forms signed. I feel like this in itself is worthy of merit, as if I had not convinced him to take part the film would not have happened. I feel I did well with general production duties such as scheduling, as everyone knew what they were supposed to be doing and when. I also did a good job managing the crew, as I arranged meetings at least weekly. I feel this really helped keep everyone informed of where the project was at and helped us all to build chemistry as a crew. However, I feel the only real problem arose as a consequence of an oversight I made when we were filming the interviews. In my defence, I had asked Gerry to recast our questions in his answers, but it seemed to slip his mind as the interview went on and I neglected to remind him. This made Louis' job as editor much more difficult than it should have been, and I take responsibility for this.
I have learnt a lot during the production of this film. I feel that, despite my one major error, I did a good job as producer and (perhaps more importantly in first year), I really enjoyed the role and I am definitely interested in exploring it further. I learned to work with people who I did not know for the first time (Louis and Luke), as well as handling being in a professional situation with close friends (which is perhaps not always a good idea!). I had never filmed documentary either, and again I found this highly enjoyable - which surprised me, as I tend to prefer the surreal. The main lesson I learned was that, as a producer, I will sometimes have to simply 'man up' in the face of an awkward situation, as avoiding one during production ultimately lead to what I consider to be the film's only major flaw. Next time I will try to set aside my inhibitions and act professionally to ensure nothing like this happens again.
We worked excellently as a team, and I could not have asked for a better crew. Everyone was cooperative and supportive of each other, and any criticism or disagreements (as is natural on a creative project) were handled with the utmost maturity by everyone involved. I feel like everyone worked to the best of their ability; if I were to pick faults, perhaps Louis could have relied less on Dom during the editing stage, but overall everyone contributed as much as they could to the project. I would love to work with this group again, as they taught me a lot of valuable lessons about myself, teamwork and filmmaking. In this situation, we would continue to be open with communication and respectful of each other, and I am sure we would create another successful film.

"The Secret Ingredient" is a short drama film that revolves around Libby, a bright but quirky thirteen year old girl. Having recently lost her grandmother, to whom she was very close, Libby is not having a good time at the moment and things are only made worse by bullies at school and her strict, overprotective mother. After miraculously stumbling across a secret cookie recipe, Libby soon finds herself in a dream world where she is reunited with her grandma, who consoles her in a way that only a grandmother can. When Libby returns to reality, she has learned to appreciate what she has and look at life in a different way.
The initial inspiration came from the song La Vie En Rose, as I found the concept of looking at life through rose-tinted glasses to be endearingly naive and sweet. The concept then evolved and was perhaps unintentionally influenced by the strong relationship I share with my own grandmother, and a narrative began to take shape as I looked for ways to bridge the pieces together. I think the key demographic for a film like this is women of all ages: the film features three quite easily relatable females from three different generations.
I feel that the film leaves much to be desired, though I will say that its main flaw is its inconsistency. For every merit the film has, there is something to criticise. For example, one might say that some of the shots are considered and well done, however there are also examples of the opposite: shots that have been poorly lit or badly focussed are so obvious that they distract attention away from those that are pleasant. The audio runs in the same vein; some parts are nicely done, and others horribly so. I feel that if the film had a consistently mediocre quality, it would be less off-putting than this one that shifts between 'good' and 'bad' within the space of a single cut. It is not the 'fault' of any one member of the crew in particular, rather a combination of various oversights and mistakes that have culminated in the final product. For example, the cinematographer and editor switching roles at the last minute was not a wise move, and nor was the choice to record audio in a high-ceilinged, acoustic room with a rifle mic and boom pole. I feel that if we were to recreate this project, we would all pay much more attention to the smaller details as we have seen first hand how they can start to stack up and ruin a film. We would keep to our assigned roles, consider the equipment and locations much more carefully and manage our time with more precision.
As director, I feel that a large portion of the blame falls on my shoulders. Perhaps the weakest point of the film is the narrative. Whilst I tried my hardest to create an uplifting film with a strong art direction (which I feel was successful to an extent), I neglected to include a real sense of dramatic tension in the concept and its script. As the name suggests, 'drama' films fall a little flat when there is no drama involved, and 'The Secret Ingredient' was no exception. However, I do feel that my art direction was relatively successful. I included some basic motifs such as the colour pink and various versions of the song 'La Vie En Rose', as well as using visual metaphors for change in the form of butterfly imagery in the dream sequence. This is likely indebted to my preference for art film, which I have learned I am much better at directing than traditional narrative during this project. 
The process of creating the film was a tumultuous one during pre-production. As the director, I was naturally required to work with everyone in the crew from start to end. The producer and I had such difficulty securing actors and locations that we were almost ready to give up before we had even begun. Aside from this, my script had to be changed due to impracticality regarding the location, which disheartened me further.
The shoot itself went surprisingly smoothly, save for some poor time management and preparation issues. My job of directing the actresses was made easy by their willingness to cooperate. Our main mistake was that we only have one battery, and ended up having to sacrifice some shots that would have added variety to the film in order to make time to charge ours once it had expired. The editing process was long and tedious, but the main challenge came in the form of trying to come up with ideas to make the best out of the material we had. Sound design was also an issue, as nobody used a clapperboard on-set, meaning the sound designer had to try and manually synchronise the sounds. Naturally, the effects of this tarnished the film further. When filming grandma's scene in the bedroom, the sound was much cleaner. However, the veil technique inspired by We Need To Talk About Kevin did not look very good, and kept falling down from the doorframe. As a result, we had to remove this element from the film. I felt like, despite going against my vision, I made the right choice as leaving it in would have lessened the quality of the film even further. 
On this project I have learned that careful planning and consideration need to be put into any project in order for it to be successful. I also learned how to deal with disappointment within my own work and persevere, doing everything I can to make the best out of a bad situation. Teamwork and consideration to others have been traits that I have greatly improved during the course, and this project was no exception. Being put with a completely new group of people was initially off-putting but  I was grateful for it later on when I realised that I had adapted and managed the group well as its director.

Monday, 5 May 2014

Project: Working with the Sound Designer

Our Sound Designer is Rabia Khan. She is in a difficult situation as the picture edit is taking much longer than intended, giving her less and less time to edit her sound piece. I scheduled my meetings with her before the picture lock was completed to give her time to prepare. 

I played her the current state of the edit and told her what sounds I wanted and whereabouts in the film I wanted them. I found this method much easier than simply giving her some notes, as she was able to physically see where the sounds should go and why they should go there. I was also able to describe the sounds more clearly verbally than on paper, and she was then able to make notes in terms she understood. We watched the film several times and Rabia took notes of all the sounds I spoke about. This gave her and the Sound Recordist, Jake, chance to collect all the sounds they would need for Rabia to do the edit. Here is a transcribed copy of Rabia's notes:

Scene 1 - Kitchen

  • Typing of keys
  • Washing machine sounds
  • Faint woodland sounds
  • Edith - La Vie en Rose
  • Chime (looking at bags
  • Door slam (After 'mum!')
  • Car Key Sounds
  • Twinkle/Chime - Libby looking at list
  • Memory voice over
  • Cooking sounds
  • Oven Timer/beep
  • Tea Pouring
  • Chime (cookie biting)

Scene 2 - Libby and Gran
  • Music Box - La Vie en Rose
  • Chime/Twinkle - As grandma vanishes

Scene 3 - Libby and Mum
  • Grace Jones - La Vie en Rose
  • Water sounds (try)
  • Phone ringing
  • 'Boop' phone button
  • Jewellery  jingling (try)
  • Walking off voice over ('I know')
  • Normal door sound
  • Grace Jones - La Vie en Rose

As soon as Abi had gotten all the clips cut properly, we had a mock picture-lock. From this point, no footage would be moved - it was only colour correction, filtering and masking from this point onwards. This meant that Rabia could begin work on the sound edit whilst Abi continued with the picture edit, and the two could be combined at the end. Next time, I will make absolutely sure that the Sound Designer has plenty of time to do their job, however I do feel I made a significant effort to help her prepare. 

Thursday, 1 May 2014

Feedback: Edit

Today, we showed our edit (without sound) to Debbie. By this point, Abi and I had both realised that the film was not very good, so we were not expecting positive feedback. We were not surprised when Debbie agreed that our film would not "have the wow factor" and she confirmed our theory that we now had to make the most of what we had. 

Some of Debbie's criticisms included:

  • The narrative was hard to follow and confusing
  • The cuts were obvious and not considered
  • The transition was not effective
  • The dream sequence was not surreal enough

She suggested:
  • Holding on the recipe for longer to add context to the narrative
  • Neatening up the shots (even a few frames can make a big difference)
  • Re-imagining the transition as something more fantastical
  • Expand upon and emphasise the surrealist elements of the dream sequence

She liked:
  • There are some nice shots
  • The acting is sweet and somewhat believable

Abi has now taken these criticisms onboard and will be correcting them as quickly as possible to give Rabia enough time to finish the sound edit. I will be editing my work for another project in the Edit suite rather than at home, so that I am always on hand to give her my opinions and advice. 

Tuesday, 29 April 2014

Project: Working with the Editor

The editor of our project is Abi Lunney. She was originally the cinematographer, however due to a family emergency she was unable to make it to the shoot and thus switched roles with Ryan. Due to Abi having more family commitments and the closure of the Apple suites during the Easter holidays, it was decided that I would edit the film's rough cut as I was the only one with the footage and we had been relying on use of the Apple suites for Abi to be able to edit. We also had a very limited timeframe, so the plan was for Abi to then work on perfecting the cuts and beginning to apply colour correction and other effects.
However, when we returned to university, my Premiere project would not open on the university Macs, as their version of Premiere was outdated. Therefore, Abi had to re-edit the film from scratch. This unfortunately delayed the whole post-production process. Fortunately, she had my rough cut as a reference to work from, and so she did not require too many notes from me regarding what I wanted from the edit. Here is the rough cut edit that I produced over Easter:


Additional notes I gave to Abi:

  • Colour correct the kitchen scenes so the lighting errors are not so obvious
  • Colour correct the bedroom scene so that it is more of a bright but soft pink
  • Experiment with effects to make the dream sequence more surreal
  • Add titles and credits


Monday, 14 April 2014

Project: Film shoot

Over the weekend, we shot our film at my home in Teversal. I had not managed to get any sleep on Friday night due to stress, so naturally I was very tired on Saturday. I overcame this and powered through the day based on adrenaline, which I am thankful for as it stopped me from panicking too much throughout the day.



A lot went right for us over the weekend. We filmed the scenes with Libby and her mother on Saturday, and the scene with her grandma on Sunday. I was relieved that we were forced into doing a two day shoot as we initially had planned to wrap in a single day. Had this gone ahead, the results would likely have been disastrous as by the time Sarah left the set we were all exhausted from a long day of intensive filming. The actresses were all wonderful to work with and the team worked well together. Transport also ran smoothly, and all of the equipment we used was working fine. In terms of technical execution, we could not have asked for a better shooting weekend - there was nothing unexpected that could not be fixed.



Naturally, some things did go wrong. We had to cut a lot of shots out of Sarah's scenes as she was working on a limited schedule, and had we had more time with her I feel we could have really experimented with lighting to find what worked in the space - it had lots of glass, so natural light was an issue. Another problem with the location was its high ceilings, which generated acoustics that were inescapable by the sound recordist and his Zoom H4N and rifle mic. After we had broken for lunch, with less than an hour until Sarah had to leave, we realised that the battery for the camera had died and the spare that Jake had brought did not fit the model of camera we were using (a Canon 600D). We rectified this by putting the battery on charge for a few minutes and doing some rehearsals with the actresses (which was helpful, considering I had to rewrite the last scene). Naturally, it would have been more convenient if we had simply been able to replace the battery, and next time I will definitely make sure we have backups to avoid a similar situation. We did use our initiative with regards to memory, however - we only had one SD card, which I emptied onto my harddrive in between shots to ensure it would not fill up. This helped us greatly as we knew the files were saved externally and would not be lost.



I adapted to directing well, I believe, considering I had never directed actors before. I owe this in part to the actresses being so easy to work with and willing to do anything I ask of them. I especially appreciated this as I feel I can sometimes come across as quite demanding, though I did consciously try to be considerate with my requests so as to keep things running smoothly. When I realised we were running off-schedule, it was me that decided to cut the shots, and so I went through the shotlists marking off shots that were not absolutely necessary. This helped a lot as it allowed us to see clearly which shots were essential for us to capture before our actresses had to leave.



We also experienced difficulty when filming upstairs in the bedroom. There was simply not enough space for the cameras to get the kind of shots we wanted - for example, a close up of grandma's face. To work around this, we ended up pulling the bed away from the wall and shooting through a gap in the headboard, which worked well. Another issue we had upstairs was that the drape did not look good and kept falling down, and so we simply cut it from the shot.

We were missing quite a few shots by the end of the weekend, but ultimately everything ran quite smoothly. I was disappointed, however, to realise that some of the shots were out of focus and Jake had struggled with the strong acoustics of the kitchen (which he could do nothing about), and was left feeling quite disheartened by the whole thing. I am hoping that I begin to appreciate the film more once it has been edited. Attached are some production skills of me directing on the day.


Thursday, 10 April 2014

Project: Creating graphic elements

There were some very specific graphics that I wanted to be included into my film. In order for them to visually adhere to my creative vision, as well as to simply ensure that they contained all the information that they needed, I decided to create these myself. Fortunately, I am experienced with graphic design.

The two items I required were the website Libby visits during the opening scene and the cookbook page. I made both of these images in Adobe Photoshop CC this afternoon. I drew inspiration mainly from codes and conventions associated with mediumship websites and cookbooks, rather than from any particular reference. I was pleased with how these came out, as I feel that a lot of student films can be let down by poorly made props like these. I was glad that I managed to create both items without encountering any problems, and I attribute this largely to the length of time I have used Photoshop for, rather than me being particularly skilled. The main thing I wish I had done differently would be the inclusion of an address bar at the top of the website image to add realism, although due to full-screen browsing modes this is not really an issue and can be explained away. 

In the future, I would like to explore my abilities in this field further. It may not be directly related to film, but I enjoyed making these elements and would like to include more in future projects.

A mock-up of 'Madame Stefani's Psychic Services' website made in Photoshop CC

A mock-up of a recipe from a cookbook made in Photoshop CC

Wednesday, 9 April 2014

Project: Working with the Cinematographer

Creating the shotlist is usually the responsibility of the cinematographer, however there was a need for our cinematographer and editor to switch roles fairly late into the project. To alleviate the newly acquired work load both parties would suffer, I decided to take the initative and write the shotlist myself. This was beneficial on my behalf, as I had not had much luck when trying to create storyboards to help the cinematographer understand what the film should look like. My drawing skills were simply too poor to actually be of any use in terms of representing the vision I had. As Ryan was not familiar with cinemtaography anyway, it was already arranged that I would assist him on-set. For this reason, I decided it made more sense to simply create a detailed shotlist that explains exactly what needed to be captured, rather than complicate Ryan's job with a poor storyboard. I intend on spending time over Summer working on my drawing skills, as I found it very frustrating that I could not properly represent what I wanted to during the storyboarding phase.


These shot lists are primarily to be used as inspiration for Ryan, as I would like him to experiment with cinematography using my vision as a guideline. I tried to be very detailed as Ryan had expressed concern with being cinematographer, and I will be on-hand during the shoot 

Monday, 7 April 2014

Development: Script

Unfortunately, Lauren has been unable to secure a supermarket for the final scene of the film. This is not her fault, we have tried everywhere in the area and it seems as though supermarkets simply are not interested in allowing us to film there, as we have been rejected by each one in turn. Debbie suggested we try some of the privately owned ones, and so we explored some whilst we were prop and costume shopping. They were simply not nice enough for my vision - the film is intended to be visually very clean and fresh, and these stores did not fit this bill. They were also very small which could pose an issue in terms of equipment. 

As a result, I had to rewrite the last scene. This was very upsetting for me as I really do not like having to change my ideas, and by this point I already felt as though I had sacrificed enough of my integrity on this project. Nevertheless, I accepted the responsibility and rewrote the scene as best I could. I paid particular attention to make the dialogue between Libby and Helen as similar to the conversation shared in the supermarket as possible. This was not done so much for artistic purposes as it was for the actors' benefit. I did not want them to have to re-learn completely new lines with short notice, as I felt this would affect their performance negatively. I feel this was the right decision to make as the director ultimately, but it did not make me feel any better about the situation. The project seems to be going downhill but I am trying to maintain faith. I am sure if we all persevere it will work out alright.

Attached is the revised version of the script, including the modifications suggested during our acting workshop. The decided title of the piece is officially: "THE SECRET INGREDIENT". 











Saturday, 5 April 2014

Development: Actors

Lauren and I went to Chesterfield to scout a potential lead actress from a child's drama class. We found Chelsea Sherridan, who immediately caught our eye as someone who looked like the Libby we imagined in our heads - or rather, who we imagined would if she was wearing the correct costume. We left her with a copy of the script for a while and went to go and get something to drink. When we returned, she acted out some of the scenes for us, and we knew that she would be perfect for the role. Her lines were sometimes 'over-acted', but I figured that I could direct this out of her on-set and took the risk. 

Lauren also managed to find us two actresses to play Helen and Grandma. Helen will be played by Sarah Wynne Kordas, a stage manager from Chesterfield, who she was introduced to at the drama school where we found Libby. Grandma will be played by Mary Newey, who is a theatre director and an amateur actress from Sheffield. Mary was found through an Over 50s acting society. 

I am very pleased with the look of Chelsea and Sarah, however I had hoped that the grandma would have looked a little older. That said, we had little choice as our proposed shooting weekend grew closer and we had received no other interest in the role. Ultimately this issue was more due to personal taste and I doubt many others will share my opinion, so I decided to avoid being stubborn or demanding for the sake of the film. I was pleased with myself, as I am beginning to overcome my perfectionist tendencies in situations that threaten the overall outcome. 

Sarah, Chelsea and Mary, who will be playing Helen, Libby and Grandma (respectively)

Now that our actors have been confirmed, we have a firmly set weekend over which we intend to shoot the project, which will consist of SATURDAY 12TH - SUNDAY 13TH OF APRIL.


Saturday, 29 March 2014

Project: Working with the Producer

As director, I am expected to work closely with the producer of the film - as she is the one who will be enabling the realisation of my vision. Today, Lauren and I had a long meeting together in which we discussed in detail the pre-production of the film. The idea was to give Lauren an idea of everything I wanted for the film, with the main topics being Actresses, Locations, Costume and Props. 

When we discussed the actresses, we found we had very little to talk about. This is mainly because Lauren had helped me to create the character sheets that I used as inspiration for the script, so she effectively already knew exactly what kind of performance I was looking for. Lauren informed me that she had arranged for us to visit a child's acting class in Chesterfield in order to scout a potential actress to play the lead role of Libby, which left us to try and find actresses to play the mother and grandmother roles. We contacted several individuals and organisations and we are currently awaiting response.

For the locations, I described in detail the various settings of the film. However, we soon realised that these locations were based on my actual home, and so we decided that if Lauren could not find anywhere suitable we would use my house. This left us to find a supermarket for the final scene, and so we contacted many local supermarkets and are currently awaiting response.

For costume, I simply ran through what I envisioned each character to wear in each scene, and Lauren made notes. She and I will go shopping for costumes later using these notes as a reference.

The notes Lauren made of my ideas for costumes

The same applied for props, and Lauren and I will shop for props in a similar fashion.

The notes Lauren made of my ideas for props


I am enjoying working with Lauren very much. We are good friends and I find working with her to be very easy. I have absolutely no criticisms of our working relationship, and I hope that in the future I can recapture a dynamic director-producer relationship like this one with someone who I do not know quite as well. 



Thursday, 27 March 2014

Feedback: Script

Today we showed the script to a group of actors who visited our session. Two of the actresses, Daisy and Jessica, agreed to read through some scenes of our script so that we could get a feel for how it would sound when performed. This was very beneficial in more ways than I had initially imagined: firstly, it helped me with the errors the crew and I had identified, as I was given feedback as to how to reword things.
Daisy taught me a simple technique that involved having a conversation aloud with myself and writing down the exact way I worded things, and then editing this if it was necessary. This will hopefully help to make my scriptwriting more fluid and natural. 
The second aspect in which this was useful is that it also revealed we had been somewhat hypercritical: it was largely the opinion of our class and the actors that many of the bad features we had identified were fine and worked quite well. This was a relief as it meant the script did not need to change much. 
I also benefited from physically seeing the placement of the characters, as it helped me to consider blocking as well as to identify areas in which I could direct action, such as Grandma tucking hair behind Libby's ear. This works well as, again, it should help add to the realism of my script.
Moving forward, I will apply these techniques and considerations to my script and try to improve it as quickly as possible, as this will allow Lauren to begin searching for actors sooner. 

Wednesday, 26 March 2014

Project: Writing the script

As the director of the drama, it was my job to write the script. I began working on this as soon as our treatment had been accepted by Debbie, as we were told that in next weeks session we will be having an acting workshop in which drama students will play out scenes from our film.
As I had never written a script before, I found this very challenging as it was very hard for me to imagine a realistic way in which things would be said. Regardless, I did my best to create the script under pressure. I am aware that the script is flawed, however I am hopeful that the actors in next week's session will be able to give insightful feedback that will enable me to improve it. 

Attached is a copy of the script. I chose to show it to the rest of the group in advance of the acting workshop as I felt it would be good to get their opinions on it before the actors got to see it. Although they did manage to highlight some areas they were unsure about, I was still none the wiser as to how to repair them, so we decided to leave it as it was and ask the actors for help with doing so.

 

Monday, 24 March 2014

Analysis: "We Need To Talk About Kevin"

We Need To Talk About Kevin is a 2011 drama with elements of horror and thriller, directed by Lynne Ramsay. It tells the story of a mother's psychological struggle following a massacre committed by her son. Though I have not watched the entire film, Debbie showed me a scene in which Eva enters a surreal, dream-like state. I can draw inspiration from this scene in order to more creatively represent the dream sequence in my own film.

Ramsay experiments with colour to convey a sense of surrealism; specifically, by incorporating small elements of red into a largely monochromatic palette. This reflects the previous scene in which there is a massacre-like dream involving tomatoes, which naturally featured a heavily red palette. I could experiment with this in my own film, perhaps using a largely limited palette of pink and white to represent a surreal environment.

The shot of a veil blowing in the breeze is used to convey a detachment from reality

Another way in which Ramsay communicates a sense of surrealism and dreaminess is through the motif of a veil blowing in the wind. This is a powerful shot that I feel is used effectively to create a the dreamy environment I wish to capture in Libby's conversation with grandma. It is also one that I anticipate could be replicated quite easily, with some gauze material and correct lighting. I will experiment with this on the day of the shoot.

All in all, I feel that We Need To Talk About Kevin could prove useful in helping me come up with ways to creatively portray a dreamlike and surreal state. 

Sunday, 23 March 2014

Analysis: "Knitting A Love Song"

Knitting A Love Song is a 2004 short film directed by Annie Watson. It tells the story of Pearl, a strange and usual, yet ultimately very loveable young girl, and her efforts to seduce an older boy in her school through her passion for knitting. Due to the parallels between Pearl and my own main character, Libby, I chose to search this film for inspiration. Fortunately, it provided.

I am very inspired by the performance of Holly Lucas as Pearl. I feel she conveys a lot of the sweetness and naiveté that Libby must embody in order for my film to work. Lots of Pearl's character is built up in ways other than dialogue, too, which are elements that I find particularly inspiring. One example of this is her bedroom, which is very quirky. I should explore set design and costume in more detail in my own film, as it will be these elements that really emphasise Libby's character.

Pearl's bedroom helps to non-verbally portray her personality

Another element I found particularly inspiring about Knitting A Love Song is the way the film is edited during the scenes where Pearl is daydreaming. Several of these scenes are present in the film, and they are instantly recognisable by the appearance of a 'light leak' effect. This is a very simple yet very effective method of portraying a detachment from reality that I could consider using during Libby's own 'dream' sequence. I would perhaps like to try something more adventurous, but this is definitely something we can fall back on if my other ideas do not work out - especially as an effect like this is easily added in post-production.

A 'light leak' effect signifies a detachment from reality

Overall, I found Knitting A Love Song to be a very useful film to analyse, as I feel it has given me some more guidance into how I shall direct Libby, as well as giving me inspiration for a possible method of making the dream sequence seem more surreal, through use of the light leak effect. The next step will be to explore other ways of connoting surrealism that are perhaps a little more complex. 

Analysis: "J'ai tué ma mère"

J'ai tué ma mère is a 2009 drama by Xavier Dolan. As its title ('I Killed My Mother') suggests, it deals with the tumultuous relationship between a mother and son. As I wish to explore a similar kind of relationship in my own film - the strained mother/daughter bond of Helen and Libby - I chose to look at this film for some inspiration. 

The director uses some interesting techniques to communicate the relationship that Hubert and Chantale share, and it is these elements that form the basis of the films stylistic approach: two shots are used to include both characters in the frame, and this is often done in a very stuctured and symmetrical nature. This type of frontal shot connotes confrontation and makes the audience feel uncomfortable, perhaps giving them an insight into how the characters are feeling in each other's presence. Dolan also pays careful attention to blocking in order to keep a substantial distance between the characters, representing the rift that has grown between them. This is a very effective technique, and also one that is very beautiful. I would love to experiment with recreating this kind of shot in my own film, though perhaps with less consistency than in J'ai tué ma mère, as I would also like to explore using wideshots of only one character at a time to emphasise their isolation. I feel these two techniques would go hand in hand.

An example of shot type, framing and blocking being used to convey distance between characters

Dolan also uses close-ups of Hubert's reactions to his mother. This emphasise and exaggerates the contempt he displays, as everything is much larger and by filling the screen with this, Dolan directs the entire attention of the viewer to Hubert's emotions. I love this effect as it is really successful and conveying how Hubert is feeling without using any dialogue, which is especially attractive as my film is quite dialogue-heavy. I would love to explore using close-ups of Libby in my film in a similar style, in order to communicate that she is an emotive young girl without having to use obvious dialogue. This technique will rely on high quality performance from actors and may require me to experiment with different directing styles in order for them to capture what it is that I want.

A close-up of Hubert giving his mother a disapproving look

Overall, I feel very inspired by this film. The subject matter of both films is very similar, and despite the plots being vastly different I feel that this allows the techniques Xavier Dolan uses to also be effective in my own film. I will definitely consider referencing Dolan's work to our cinematographer later in the project, as I feel this is a very good source of inspiration for our film. 

Friday, 21 March 2014

Project: Character profiles

To support our treatment in tomorrow's presentation, Lauren and I developed character profiles for each of our three characters. I enjoyed this task as it was inspiring to watch the characters come alive and become more realistic. I feel that, now that the characters have had some life and realism breathed into them, writing the script will hopefully be much easier as I can draw on their personalities and experiences in the writing process. All three character profiles can be found below.


Character’s Name: Elizabeth 'Libby' Castle
Age: 13
Appearance: Mid-length hair, mousy brown with soft curls, average height, clothes that are quite floaty/baggy/quirky,  gold necklace
• What is this character’s greatest flaw? Her odd personality
• What do you know about this character that she would never admit? She wishes she was popular at school
• What is this character’s greatest asset? Her intelligence
• What music does this character sing to when no one else is around? Edith Piaf
• In what or whom does this character have the greatest faith? Her grandma
• Does this character have a favourite article of clothing? Necklace passed down from her grandma
• Does this character have a vice? She often sees herself as being a victim, which is not always true.
• Name this character’s favourite person (living or dead). Grandma Dot
• What is this character’s secret wish? That her grandma was still alive
• What is this character’s proudest achievement? Getting top marks in her exams
• Describe this character’s most embarrassing moment? When some school kids called her a geek
• What is this character’s deepest regret? Not spending more time with her grandma
• What is this character’s greatest fear? Never making any friends at school
• Does this character have an obsession? Trying to contact her dead grandma
• Whom does this character most wish to please? Her mother, as she wants her to be proud of her in the same way her grandma was.
• Describe this character’s mother. *See Helen’s character profile* Libby has been distant from her mother since her grandma died 4 months ago
• Describe this character’s father. Libby’s father is not around due to her parent’s divorce
• Describe this character’s bedroom. Plain coloured walls with lots of posters of bands and popular films
• List the circumstances over which this character has no control. Grandma died
• Who depends on this character? No one
• How would a dear friend or relative describe this character? Very quiet and slightly weird in the way she spends her spare time focused on trying to contact the dead



Character’s Name: Helen Castle
Age: 37
Appearance: Short dark hair, tall and slim, wears pastel colours and often wears a cooking apron around the house. Very suburban looking.
• What is this character’s greatest flaw? She struggles to express her feelings - even positive ones - which has driven a wedge between her and her daughter
• What do you know about this character that she would never admit? She still loves her husband - he cheated on her several times before their divorce
• What is this character’s greatest asset? Deep down she is kind and caring, and loves Libby with all her heart
• What music does this character sing to when no one else is around? Robbie Williams
• In what or whom does this character have the greatest faith? Herself - "if you want something done properly, do it yourself"
• Does this character have a favourite article of clothing? Her handbag
• Does this character have a vice? She lives an expensive lifestyle
• Name this character’s favourite person (living or dead). Her father
• What is this character’s secret wish? She wished she had become a dancer
• What is this character’s proudest achievement? Graduating university with a 1st class degree
• Describe this character’s most embarrassing moment? When she kissed her best friends boyfriend in university
• What is this character’s deepest regret? Forgiving her husband for his unfaithfulness too many times
• What is this character’s greatest fear? That she will never find love again, that she will never re-establish a bond with Libby
• Does this character have an obsession? Buying expensive things
• Whom does this character most wish to please? Libby - both characters want each others approval, not realising they already have it
• Describe this character’s mother. *See Dorothy’s character profile*
• Describe this character’s father. Very attentive towards Helen as she was very much a daddy’s girl as a child
• Describe this character’s bedroom. Lots of expensive items, large wardrobe, photos of Libby and her parents
• List the choices that led this character to his current predicament. Divorced her husband and got a large sum of money from the settlement
• List the circumstances over which this character has no control. The death of her mother
• Who depends on this character? Libby
• How would a dear friend or relative describe this character? Tasteful, cares for her daughter, can be firm at times but very loving



Character’s Name: Dorothy 'Grandma Dot' Castle
Age: 67
Appearance: Short grey/white hair, wrinkles, short, slippers, floral dress, walking stick
• What is this character’s greatest flaw? Her forgetfulness
• What do you know about this character that she would never admit? She wanted to marry a different man to her husband, however she learnt to love him and they built a life together
• What is this character’s greatest asset? She always knows what to say to make people feel better about a situation
• What music does this character sing to when no one else is around? Edith Piaf
• In what or whom does this character have the greatest faith? She believes her granddaughter is destined for great things in the future
• Does this character have a favourite article of clothing? Her slippers
• Does this character have a vice? Her favourite biscuits
• Name this character’s favourite person (living or dead). Her husband became one of her favourite people but died several years ago. Helen & Libby
• What is this character’s secret wish? To marry the man she loved when she was 16
• What is this character’s proudest achievement? Her family
• Describe this character’s most embarrassing moment? When she fell off her bike in front of her husband and her dress came up, exposing her underwear
• What is this character’s deepest regret? Not having more children
• What is this character’s greatest fear? Her children/grandchildren will live an unhappy life
• Does this character have an obsession? Her favourite biscuits
• Whom does this character most wish to please? Nobody! Dot is very set in her ways.
• Describe this character’s mother. Passed away when she was 38, very sweet
• Describe this character’s father. Passed away when she was 29, strict but proud
• Describe this character’s bedroom. Very plain, floral bedding, old unfashionable curtains, wooden chair in the corner
• List the choices that led this character to his current predicament. Died of a heart attack
• List the circumstances over which this character has no control. Character’s death
• Who depends on this character? Libby depends on her grandmother even in death
• How would a dear friend or relative describe this character? Sweet, kind lady who has gained a lot of wisdom over the years





Thursday, 20 March 2014

Feedback: Treatment

Today, we pitched our treatment to the class. These sessions are always useful as they allow us to edit our concepts and improve them, ultimately resulting in a better quality film that resonates with audiences more. As usual, we received some constructive criticism that I intend to explore when revising the treatment and script:


  • LIBBY SHOULD BE YOUNGER
    I originally imagined Libby as being 16, however our peers and tutor suggested the story was more fitting for a younger girl around aged 13, as she would be on the cusp of growing up but still young enough to believe in magic. This made sense to me and I intend on changing this.
  • MEANING SHOULD BE COMMUNICATED VISUALLY
    My concept was very dialogue-heavy and lots of important information was revealed simply through speech. This made it uninteresting and meant that when I come to start writing the script, I will likely struggle to word things in a way that sounds realistic. This was another very good point that I intend to rectify in my work.
  • DITCH THE RITUAL/MAGIC SPELL
    My peers did not like the idea of Libby performing a magic spell as this seemed too cliche. I agree, but could not think of any other ways. Ideas that were suggested include brewing a potion in a cup of tea (which I did not like the idea of) or having her actually bake magic 'biscuits' that transport her to the dream world. I liked this idea a lot as it places the focus on the biscuits themselves, and I will experiment with this in my script.
Overall, I was very pleased with the feedback we got. People liked our idea as they said it was cheerful and uplifting, which is what we are aiming for. We received some very good criticism which I feel I can use to improve our concept and strengthen our chances in creating a good film. 



Wednesday, 19 March 2014

Project: Drama treatment

Tomorrow, we will be pitching our concept to Debbie and our class. Our film is in the early stages of conceptualisation, as I sometimes find this to be quite a long process and my ideas evolve and develop over time. I am hopeful that after presenting to the rest of the class, I will be inspired by the feedback we receive and will be able to develop this idea further.


The working title of our film is 'Biscuits'. The treatment in its current state can be read below. 



Libby is unhappy. She is bullied at school, has an overprotective mother and is mourning her recently deceased grandmother. After being sent shopping by her mum, Libby returns home with the goods. Her mother pesters her about school - "Did you make any friends yet?", "Are they still mean to you?" etc - as she begins to unpack the shopping her daughter collected. She soon realises that all of the items are wrong and scolds Libby, who insists she bought the right items and that she has not seen these ones before. Her mother is cross at Libby and says she must have picked up somebody else's bags by mistake. Libby tries to defend herself but her mother storms out of the house to do the shopping herself.
Libby takes a look at the shopping for herself to investigate. In one of the bags, she finds a letter addressed to her. Inside are some instructions for a spell that can be made using all of the items in the bags. Called the 'Elixir of Journeying", the note claims that drinking it would allow her to visit anyone, anywhere at anytime. Desperate to see her grandmother and already having the ingredients, Libby decides to try her luck.
The spell involves drawing a sigil on the ground using salt and placing candles at its points. She then mixes several of the ingredients in various bottles and flasks as instructed on the note. Finally, she combines the liquid into one bottle which is placed in the centre of the sigil and adds a crumbled up biscuit, her grandma's favourite. Instantly, the candles go out. Libby then drinks the gross-looking green liquid and quickly falls unconscious.
She is awoken by her grandmother and finds herself tucked in bed. Her grandma has brought her a cup of tea and wishes her a good morning, telling Libby that she thinks the two of them need to have a chat. Libby tells her grandmother about her troubles in school and at home, as well as how much she misses her. Her grandmother gives her advice about making friends and ignoring the bullies and tells her that her mother is only strict because she loves her. She says that Libby needn't miss her because she is always with her in her heart. Libby yawns and her grandma suggests that she should go back to sleep to get some rest. Libby asks if that will return her to the 'real world' and her grandma says that it will, but not to worry as she can visit her any time she likes, jokingly adding that she is only allowed back if she brings more biscuits. Libby laughs and lays back down, telling her grandma that she loves her. Her grandma says that she loves her too, and Libby falls asleep. 
Sometime later, though it is not specified how long, we see Libby and her mother doing the shopping together. Libby is happy and she and her mum laugh and joke with each other as they shop for groceries. Libby also mentions that she will be sleeping at her friends house the following night and so her mum will not need to cook for her. Libby picks up a packet of biscuits and begs her mother to buy them. Her mother laughs and allows her to put them in the trolley, commenting that Libby is addicted to the biscuits as she always asks for them. She remarks that they were her grandma's favourite, and Libby says "I know" and smiles. The pair walk off deeper into the store together and the film ends. 



Sunday, 16 March 2014

Analysis: Short dramas

On Thursday, we watched several short dramas with the intention on breaking down their narrative structure. We looked at each of the four components of narrative structure in drama:

THE INCITING INCIDENT - the event that causes the drama to begin
OBSTACLES - things the characters must overcome on their way to resolution
CLIMAX - the dramatic moment that the film has been building up to
DENOUEMENT - things begin to get resolved

As I am directing for this project, I feel that it would be beneficial to undertake an exercise in which I try to identify these components in the short films were were shown.


SIGN LANGUAGE by Oscar Sharpe (2010)
Inciting incident: It is the character's last day at work.
Obstacles: His friends/colleagues seem disinterested that he will be leaving.
Climax: His friends reveal they were playing a joke and tell him to ask his crush out.
Denouement: He is accepted by the girl and starts his new job.

I loved the style of this film, as I felt the way that it was filmed in the style of a documentary was really interesting. This is something that I may consider using in my own project, however it would have to be suited to the concept as it would not work well with most ideas.


PUDDING BOWL by Vanessa Caswill (2009)
Inciting incident: The character's brother wants to go and play with his friends but he is babysitting.
Obstacles: He puts glue in her hair and their mother cuts all of her hair off.
Climax: The girl steals her brother's bicycle.
Denouement: She rides down the street in a surreal state.

This film was very charming and was my favourite one that we were shown. I loved the lighting and lens flares used during the surreal bike-riding scene. If my project has a surrealist element to it such as a dream or imaginary place, I will consider drawing inspiration from this as I feel it was done well.


ABOUT A GIRL by Brian Percival (2001)
Inciting incident: The character wants to live with her dad but he won't let her.
Obstacles: There are no clear obstacles, put perhaps it is her life, her youth or social class.
Climax: She throws her presumedly self-aborted (and previously unmentioned) baby into the water.
Denouement: She goes to get an ice cream.

I liked the surprise climax in this piece as it was totally unexpected. I understand that the seemingly banal conversation before it contributes in part to it being so shocking, but I feel that the rest of the film is not really enjoyable on the same level. I probably will not be inspired by this film with my drama.


RITE by Michael Pearce (2010)
Inciting incident: It is the character's birthday and he is spending it with his divorced father.
Obstacles: He and his father have little in common, and the character is made uncomfortable.
Climax: His father has a fit of rage and alienates his son even further.
Denouement: His homosexuality is discovered and his dad makes an effort to be supportive.

I loved this film as I felt it was very realistic but also uplifting towards the end. I feel like if I were to direct a drama, I would want to experiment with something happier and more uplifting. I will perhaps draw inspiration from the denouement of this film.

Saturday, 15 March 2014

Project: Directing a Short Drama


For this semester we are required to create a five minute drama based on the theme of 'journey'. We will again be working in groups of six, with each member adopting a unique role that is different to the one they did in their documentary. Our group also must be a completely new crew who have not worked together before. 

I have put myself forward as the Director of this project. Directing is my favourite element of filmmaking as I consider myself to be a creative person, however I had never written or directed something that was explicitly narrative. I feel this is an important skill to have and so I leapt at the opportunity to direct this project. 

As Director, it will be my job to conceptualise and develop the film itself. I will be responsible for writing and pitching treatments, creating the narrative content and developing characters. It will also be my job to build upon this and write the script. I will also have some control over the formal elements of the film such as the cinematography, editing and sound, and this will require me to work closely with other members of the group in order to ensure my vision is properly achieved. However, this is a two-way relationship and I must also be willing to let other crew members contribute creatively towards their role. Essentially, my part in the technical elements of the film will consist of ensuring that the ideas my crew are exploring creatively in their fields tie together and are cohesive, through the lens of my own artistic vision.

I am aware that being the Director of this project will be a taxing role, as there is a lot of pressure to produce something in a short space of time, which I can sometimes find creatively stunting. I also tend to strive for unattainable outcomes and panic when these are not achieved, and this is something I wish to work on getting over during this project. I feel that, as I was Producer for the Documentary, I have already experienced a more stressful and intensive role, and so I am hopeful that this role will not be too difficult in terms of workload and time management, but will still allow me to have a significant input in the final outcome of the film.